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（建立內容為「= Evening School for Politics = == Study the 1983 general election == {| class="wikitable" |+Result of the 1983 General Election !Party !Votes !Percentage of Votes !Candidates !Seats won |- |Con |13,012,316 |42.4% |633 |397 |- |Lab |8,456,934 |27.6% |633 |209 |- |Lib+SDP Alliance |7,780,949 |25.4% |633 |23 |- |Plaid Cymru and SNP |457,284 |1.5% |110 |4 |- |Other<ref>Northern Ireland parties Ecology National Front British National Communist Workers' Rev…」的新頁面）
 
 
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= Evening School for Politics =
== 1979 general election ==


== Study the 1983 general election ==
=== What led up to the election ===
 
* Oct 1974, under PM Harold Wilson, Labour won 319 seats
* Heath (Cons) won 277
* James Callaghan replaced Wilson, became PM
* 3 by-elections defeated
* forced them into minority government
* lot of key issues put the Labour government in question
* Following the defeat of the Scottish Devolution Referendum
* a vote of no confidence was tabled by Thatcher, leader of the conservatives
* (who prior to this defeated Heath with 130 and 146 membership votes in the 1st and 2nd Ballots respectively as Heath had lost 3 out of the 4 General election contested.)
* vote of no confidence passed by just one vote
* forces Callaghan to request a dissolution of the parliament
* triggered the 1970 General Election
 
=== Key Policies and Campaign ===
 
==== Labour ====
 
* tried to focus on its ability to:
* deal with trade unions,
* reiterate their support for the NHS,
* and full employment
 
==== Conseratives ====
 
* tried to persuade the UK public that 'Labour isn't working'
* insisted that Britain could be better with them in charge
 
=== Media played significant role ===
 
==== Labour ====
 
==== Conservatives ====
 
=== "Labour isn't Working" Poster ===
advertising campaign run by the Conservatives
 
designed by Saatchi & Saatchi
 
== Marmite Politician ==
Marmite: either love it or hate it
 
Examples: Thatcher, Jeremy Corbyn, BoJo
 
== 1983 general election ==
 
=== Result of the Election ===
'''Turnout:''' 72.7%
 
'''Conservatives''': a landslide victory, the most decisive election victory since that of the Labour Party in 1945.
 
'''Labour''': had its worst electoral performance since 1931, fell by over 3,000,000 votes from 1979.
 
'''Things to Note''': Last general election until 2019 in which a governing party increased its number of seats.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Result of the 1983 General Election
|+Result of the 1983 General Election
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|}
|}


== Reasons for the Result ==
=== Reasons for the Result ===
 
=== Voting Behaviour ===


==== Voting Behaviour ====
* Thatcher
* Thatcher
** Falklands War led to a recovery of her popularity.
** Falklands War led to a recovery of her popularity.
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*** Alienated Pro-European groups.
*** Alienated Pro-European groups.


=== Notable Media Coverage ===
==== Difference in Leadership ====
Opinion polls pointed to a Conservative victory
 
* Thatcher
** perceived as a strong nationalistic leader after victory in the Falklands war
* Foot
** considered scruffy
** particularly criticised for wearing a donkey jacket (untailored work jacket) when laying a wreath on Remembrance Day
 
==== Notable Media Coverage ====


Most national newspapers backed the re-election of the Conservative government.  
* Opinion polls pointed to a Conservative victory
* Most national newspapers backed the re-election of the Conservative government.


=== Effects ===
=== Effects ===

於 2023年11月26日 (日) 20:19 的最新修訂

1979 general election[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

What led up to the election[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  • Oct 1974, under PM Harold Wilson, Labour won 319 seats
  • Heath (Cons) won 277
  • James Callaghan replaced Wilson, became PM
  • 3 by-elections defeated
  • forced them into minority government
  • lot of key issues put the Labour government in question
  • Following the defeat of the Scottish Devolution Referendum
  • a vote of no confidence was tabled by Thatcher, leader of the conservatives
  • (who prior to this defeated Heath with 130 and 146 membership votes in the 1st and 2nd Ballots respectively as Heath had lost 3 out of the 4 General election contested.)
  • vote of no confidence passed by just one vote
  • forces Callaghan to request a dissolution of the parliament
  • triggered the 1970 General Election

Key Policies and Campaign[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Labour[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  • tried to focus on its ability to:
  • deal with trade unions,
  • reiterate their support for the NHS,
  • and full employment

Conseratives[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  • tried to persuade the UK public that 'Labour isn't working'
  • insisted that Britain could be better with them in charge

Media played significant role[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Labour[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Conservatives[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

"Labour isn't Working" Poster[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

advertising campaign run by the Conservatives

designed by Saatchi & Saatchi

Marmite Politician[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Marmite: either love it or hate it

Examples: Thatcher, Jeremy Corbyn, BoJo

1983 general election[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Result of the Election[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Turnout: 72.7%

Conservatives: a landslide victory, the most decisive election victory since that of the Labour Party in 1945.

Labour: had its worst electoral performance since 1931, fell by over 3,000,000 votes from 1979.

Things to Note: Last general election until 2019 in which a governing party increased its number of seats.

Result of the 1983 General Election
Party Votes Percentage of Votes Candidates Seats won
Con 13,012,316 42.4% 633 397
Lab 8,456,934 27.6% 633 209
Lib+SDP Alliance 7,780,949 25.4% 633 23
Plaid Cymru and SNP 457,284 1.5% 110 4
Other[1] 963,654 3.1% 569 17[2]
Total 30,671,137 100 2578 650

Reasons for the Result[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

Voting Behaviour[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  • Thatcher
    • Falklands War led to a recovery of her popularity.
    • Economic growth had begun to resume.
  • Labour
    • Had been led by Michael Foot since the resignation of James Callaghan
    • New policies were considered more left-wing than before
      • Several moderate Labour MPs had defected from the party to form the Social Democratic Party (SDP)
        • Which then formed the SDP–Liberal Alliance with the existing Liberal Party
    • Further harmed by its promise to withdraw from the European Economic Community
      • Alienated Pro-European groups.

Difference in Leadership[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  • Thatcher
    • perceived as a strong nationalistic leader after victory in the Falklands war
  • Foot
    • considered scruffy
    • particularly criticised for wearing a donkey jacket (untailored work jacket) when laying a wreath on Remembrance Day

Notable Media Coverage[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  • Opinion polls pointed to a Conservative victory
  • Most national newspapers backed the re-election of the Conservative government.

Effects[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  1. ↑ Northern Ireland parties Ecology National Front British National Communist Workers' Revolutionary Others
  2. ↑ All won by Northern Ireland parties. Ecology, National Front, British National, Communist, Workers' Revolutionary, and others all won 0 seats
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