→Failure to consult leaders of the crusader states
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* Did not consult with the leaders of Outremer (the Crusader states) | * Did not consult with the leaders of Outremer (the Crusader states) | ||
* Initial goal: recapture Edessa | * Initial goal: '''recapture Edessa''' | ||
** But was destroyed in 1146 | ** But was '''destroyed in 1146''' | ||
** Still had same goal in 1148 (Conrad letter) | ** Still had same goal in '''1148 (Conrad letter)''' | ||
** Spent four months to establish new goal | ** Spent '''four months to establish new goal''' | ||
** Hindered progress into Outremer | ** Hindered progress into Outremer | ||
** Incurred additional expenses | ** Incurred additional expenses | ||
* Did not adequately respond to the needs of all the Crusader states | * Did not adequately respond to the needs of all the Crusader states | ||
** Antioch | ** Antioch plan, which reflected northern interests | ||
** Jerusalem plan, which focused on the threat faced by the south | ** Jerusalem plan, which focused on the threat faced by the south | ||
** Decided to head south to Damascus | ** '''Decided to head south to Damascus''' | ||
* Contributed to delays and misalignment of objectives during the Second Crusade. | * Contributed to delays and misalignment of objectives during the Second Crusade. | ||
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* Goal was to attack the city walls and defeat the garrison | * Goal was to attack the city walls and defeat the garrison | ||
* Changed their plan and attacked a weak point in the eastern walls. | * Changed their plan and attacked a weak point in the eastern walls. | ||
* Bad decision | * '''Bad decision''' | ||
** No water or food | ** No water or food | ||
** Exhaustion and retreat after three days. | ** Exhaustion and retreat after three days. | ||
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==== Lack of support from the Byzantines ==== | ==== Lack of support from the Byzantines ==== | ||
* First Crusade received support from the Byzantine Empire | * First Crusade '''received support from the Byzantine Empire''' | ||
* Taticius sent to provide crucial guidance and support in battle. | * Taticius sent to provide crucial guidance and support in battle. | ||
* Second Crusade Manuel I did not have good relations with the two kings | * Second Crusade '''Manuel I did not have good relations''' with the two kings | ||
* He did not provide the same support | * He did not provide the same support | ||
* Also had a treaty with the Turks | * Also had a '''treaty with the Turks''' | ||
* Betrayed the crusader’s location or plans for their enemy | * '''Betrayed''' the crusader’s location or plans for their enemy | ||
== Third Crusade == | == Third Crusade == | ||
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=== Greater Enemy === | === Greater Enemy === | ||
* Saladin | * '''Saladin''' | ||
** United Syria and Egypt | ** United Syria and Egypt | ||
** 1187: Captured Jerusalem in the Battle of Hattin | ** '''1187: Captured Jerusalem''' in the Battle of Hattin | ||
** Christian control of Outremer reduced to Tripoli and Antioch. | ** Christian control of Outremer '''reduced to Tripoli and Antioch'''. | ||
** 1189: Crusader states were in a desperate situation. | ** 1189: Crusader states were in a desperate situation. | ||
* In the Third crusade | * In the Third crusade | ||
** Saladin was at the peak of Jihadi strength | ** Saladin was at the '''peak of Jihadi strength''' | ||
* Meanwhile in the second crusade | * Meanwhile in the second crusade | ||
** The crusaders faced a Muslim enemy at the beginning of Jihadi strength | ** The crusaders faced a Muslim enemy at the beginning of Jihadi strength | ||
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* Most effective crusading first wave | * Most effective crusading first wave | ||
** Led by Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, aged 70, with 15k soldiers. | ** Led by '''Frederick Barbarossa''' of Germany, aged 70, with 15k soldiers. | ||
* However | * However | ||
** German participation began and ended unsuccessfully before Richard I and Philip II arrived. | ** German participation began and ended unsuccessfully before Richard I and Philip II arrived. | ||