用戶:Hinnia/沙盒/William and Church Notes
Reform
Lanfranc
- Archbishop of Canterbury under William I
- In power from 1070-1089
- Firm supporter of Papal Reform movement
- 10 Great Reforming Councils
Canon Law Abuses
Simony, Nepotism, Clerical Marriage, Corruption, Pluralism
1075 Council of London
1076 Council of Winchester
Restructuring Church System
- 1070 Winchester
- removed Stigand and other Anglo Saxon abbots
- 1075 London
- Reformed parish structure
- Stigand moved from Sesley to Chichester
- Peter from Lichfield to Chester
- 1070: established the Primacy of Canterbury over all of Britain
Church courts
- Established in the 1070s
- Matters related to the church cannot be trialed by laymen judges
- instead must be trailed by churchmen
Architectual Reform
- Canterbury Cathedral rebuilt into Romanesque style
- Developed further from Canterbury into Durham, Winchester, Gloucester
- Visual symbol of Norman rule over England
According to Carpenter
- Principal aim was to ensure the church worked in enthusiasm and devotion to the spiritual welfare of its flock
Personal Faith
Man of faith
- Knew his life as a Warrior-Statesman risked his soul
Commission of Cathedrals and Monasteries
- Battle Abbey
- To atone for bloodshed at Hastings
- Church of St Stephens
- 2 Abbeys
- To thank God for permission of marriage to Matilda
- Caen was made a more important religious city
Blood ties to the church
- Half brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux
Saw the AS church as a source of wealth and power
- Wanted his men to control the church
- At first moved cautiously
- Needed church support to confirm legitimacy
According to Carpenter
- Reforms were a way to thank God for giving William England
Interaction with Papacy
Alexander II
- Good terms with William
- Valued William's support for spiritual reform
- Provided the Papal Banner
- Made the invasion of England Godly in purpose
- Similar to a Crusade
- William restored the payment of the Peter's Pence
- 1070
- Alexander sent legates to re-crown William and depose English Bishops (Winchester)
- Useful in getting rid of some English prelates and sanctioning
Gregory VII
- Determined to expand papal authority
- Brought about a different relationship with the papacy
- Determined William to pay fealty to the papacy
- William had no desire to diminish control over kingdom nor his church and people
- Agreed to continue to pay the Peter's Pence
- Remains respectful in his tone as evidenced by letters
- Describes Gregory as "Most exited Paster"
